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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Research'n Practical Medicine Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research and Practical Medicine Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2410-1893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"QUASAR", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17709/2410-1893-2024-11-3-7</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MCIPTR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpmj-1025</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности микробиоты при различных злокачественных новообразованиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the microbiota for various malignant neoplasms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соленова</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solenova</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Соленова Лия Геннадьевна – д.б.н., научный консультант отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8376" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8376</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=112084" ext-link-type="uri">9946-6437</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=112084" ext-link-type="uri">112084</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507073123" ext-link-type="uri">6507073123, </ext-link>Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/2791319" ext-link-type="uri">ACA-0800-2022</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Liya G. Solenova – Dr. Sci. (Biology), Scientific consultant of the Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8376" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8376</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?spin=9946-6437" ext-link-type="uri">9946-6437</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=112084" ext-link-type="uri">112084</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507073123" ext-link-type="uri">6507073123</ext-link>, Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/ACA-0800-2022" ext-link-type="uri">ACA-0800-2022</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lsolenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Рыжова Наталья Ильинична – к.б.н., консультант отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6303" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6303</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=79493" ext-link-type="uri">2766-0854</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=79493" ext-link-type="uri">79493</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6603964497" ext-link-type="uri">6603964497</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Natalia I. Ryzhova – Cand. Sci. (Biology), consultant of the Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6303" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-6303</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?spin=2766-0854" ext-link-type="uri">2766-0854</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=79493" ext-link-type="uri">79493</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6603964497" ext-link-type="uri">6603964497</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3482-8954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Антонова Ирина Алексеевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3482-8954" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3482-8954</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Irina A. Antonova – research assistant at the Laboratory for Chemical Carcinogenesis Pathway Studies, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3482-8954" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3482-8954</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-7204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белицкий</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belitsky</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Белицкий Геннадий Альтерович – д.м.н., профессор, главный консультант отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-7204" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-7204</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=107231" ext-link-type="uri">4037-0033</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=107231" ext-link-type="uri">107231</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7004259245" ext-link-type="uri">7004259245</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Gennady A. Belitsky – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, major consultant of the Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-7204" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-7204</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?spin=4037-0033" ext-link-type="uri">4037-0033</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=107231" ext-link-type="uri">107231</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7004259245" ext-link-type="uri">7004259245</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-6833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирсанов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirsanov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Кирсанов Кирилл Игоревич – д.б.н., руководитель лаборатории канцерогенных веществ отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация; профессор кафедры врачебной практики ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-6833" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-6833</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=184421" ext-link-type="uri">7329-7263</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=184421" ext-link-type="uri">184421</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=36461343900" ext-link-type="uri">36461343900</ext-link>, Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/1869349" ext-link-type="uri">AAA-2808-2019</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Kirill I. Kirsanov – Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of Laboratory of carcinogenic substances of the Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; Professor of the Department of Medical Practice, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-6833" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-6833</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?spin=7329-7263" ext-link-type="uri">7329-7263</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=184421" ext-link-type="uri">184421</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=36461343900" ext-link-type="uri">36461343900</ext-link>, Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/AAA-2808-2019" ext-link-type="uri">AAA-2808-2019</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-8178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубовская</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubovskaya</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Якубовская Марианна Геннадиевна – д.м.н., руководитель отдела химического канцерогенеза ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Москва, Российская Федерация; главный научный сотрудник НИИ молекулярной и клеточной медицины ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», г. Москва, Российская Федерация</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-8178" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-8178</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=583045" ext-link-type="uri">6858-3880</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=583045" ext-link-type="uri">583045</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217461641" ext-link-type="uri">57217461641</ext-link>, Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/1220362" ext-link-type="uri">R-6984-2016</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Marianna G. Yakubovskaya – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Head of the Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; chief researcher of Research Institute for Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia Federation</p><p>ORCID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-8178" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-8178</ext-link>, SPIN: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?spin=6858-3880" ext-link-type="uri">6858-3880</ext-link>, AuthorID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=583045" ext-link-type="uri">583045</ext-link>, Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217461641" ext-link-type="uri">57217461641</ext-link>, Web of Science ResearcherID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/R-6984-2016" ext-link-type="uri">R-6984-2016</ext-link></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации &lt;p&gt;&#13;
г. Москва, Российская Федерация</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Moscow, Russia Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Российский университет дружбы народов &lt;p&gt;&#13;
г. Москва, Российская Федерация</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) &lt;p&gt;&#13;
Moscow, Russia Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соленова Л.Г., Рыжова Н.И., Антонова И.А., Белицкий Г.А., Кирсанов К.И., Якубовская М.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соленова Л.Г., Рыжова Н.И., Антонова И.А., Белицкий Г.А., Кирсанов К.И., Якубовская М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solenova L.G., Ryzhova N.I., Antonova I.A., Belitsky G.A., Kirsanov K.I., Yakubovskaya M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/1025">https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/1025</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие омиксных технологий и секвенирования существенно расширили представление о роли микроорганизмов, населяющих различные органы человека и в совокупности составляющих его микробиоту, в развитии рака. Обширная литература последних лет, посвященная различным аспектам участия микробиоты в канцерогенезе, обосновывает актуальность анализа влияния ее особенностей на процессы канцерогенеза в различных органах человека.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Анализ литературных данных, посвященных ключевым вопросам взаимосвязи микробиома человека с риском развития онкологических заболеваний и открывающих возможные перспективы его использования в диагностике, терапии и профилактике рака.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск литературы по базам данных NCBI MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, исходя из расширенного перечня ключевых слов, включающего все рассматриваемые в обзоре локализации злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО). Использованы оригинальные исследования, метаанализы, рандомизированные контролируемые исследования, традиционные, систематические и зонтичные обзоры, опубликованные в последние годы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследования последних лет с использованием омиксных технологий показали существенные различия в составе микробных сообществ здоровых и опухолевых тканей и позволили получить характеристику потенциальной опухолевой микробиоты при некоторых видах рака. Микробиота, присутствующая в различных органах человека, путем миграции или образуя метаболические оси между органами, формирует сеть, посредством которой осуществляет взаимодействие. Важную роль в канцерогенезе играет дисбиоз, наличие которого в одном органе может негативно сказываться на состоянии других отдаленных органов и способствовать развитию в них патологических состояний.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Многочисленные исследования, проведенные за последнее десятилетие, выявили сложные взаимоотношения между микроорганизмами, опухолью и организмом «хозяина», отражающие многообразные эффекты влияния микробиоты на различные органоспецифические виды ЗНО. Выделены опухоли желудочно- кишечного тракта (ЖКТ), а также локализации вне его, имеющие значимые бактериальные ассоциации, для более четкого понимания многогранных механизмов, с помощью которых микробиота влияет на рак. Полученные к настоящему времени данные позволяют дополнить наметившиеся возможности использования микробиоты в клинической практике, что является новым подходом к профилактике и лечению ЗНО.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of omics technologies and sequencing has significantly expanded the understanding of the role of microorganisms that inhabit various human organs and collectively make up its microbiota in the development of cancer. The extensive literature of recent years devoted to various aspects of the participation of the microbiota in carcinogenesis substantiates the relevance of analyzing the impact of its features on the processes of carcinogenesis in various human organs.</p><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. Analysis of literature data on the key issues of the relationship between the human microbiome and the risk of cancer and explore possible prospects for its use in the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A literature search was carried out in the databases NCBI MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, based on an extended list of keywords that included all the localizations of malignant neoplasms (MNs) considered in the review. Original studies, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and reviews published in recent years were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Recent studies using omics technologies have shown significant differences in the composition of microbial communities of healthy and tumor tissues and have made it possible to characterize the potential tumor microbiota in some types of cancer. The microbiota present in the various organs of the human body forms a network through which it interacts via migration or by forming metabolic axes between organs. Dysbiosis plays an important role in carcinogenesis, and its presence in one organ can negatively affect the condition of other distant organs and contribute to the development of pathological conditions in them.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Numerous studies conducted over the past decade have revealed a complex relationship between microorganisms, tumors, and the host, reflecting the diverse effects of the microbiota on various organ- specific types of MNs. Gastrointestinal tract tumors, as well as sites outside it with significant bacterial associations, have been identified for a better understanding of the multifaceted mechanisms by which the microbiota influences cancer. The data obtained so far complement the emerging possibilities of using the microbiota in clinical practice, which represents a new approach to the prevention and treatment of malignant neoplasms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd><kwd>канцерогенез</kwd><kwd>механизмы</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>malignant neoplasms</kwd><kwd>carcinogenesis</kwd><kwd>mechanisms</kwd><kwd>epidemiological studies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 23-65-00003).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this research has been carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 23-65-00003).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O'Hara AM, Shanahan F. 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