rpmjResearch'n Practical Medicine JournalResearch and Practical Medicine Journal2410-1893"QUASAR", LLC10.17709/2410-1893-2025-12-3-8YECYJRrpmj-1129Research ArticleОбзорыReviewОчаговый саркоидоз селезенки: клинико-диагностические характеристикиFocal spleen sarcoidosis: clinical and diagnostic characteristicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-4963СтепановаЮ. А.StepanovaYu. A.

 

Степанова Юлия Александровна – д.м.н., профессор, старший научный сотрудник отделения ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А. В. Вишневского» Минздрава России, г. Москва, Российская Федерация

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-4963

eLibrary SPIN-код: 1288-6141, AuthorID: 561545

Scopus Author ID: 57194482656

WoS ResearcherID: D-6764-2018

 

Yulia A. Stepanova – Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Senior Researcher of Ultrasound Diagnostics Department, A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-4963

eLibrary SPIN: 1288-6141, AuthorID: 561545

Scopus Author ID: 57194482656

WoS ResearcherID: D-6764-2018

stepanovaua@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-5293ИонкинД. А.IonkinD. A.

 

Ионкин Дмитрий Анатольевич – к.м.н., доцент образовательного отдела, врач-хирург отдела абдоминальной хирургии ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А. В. Вишневского» Минздрава России, г. Москва, Российская Федерация

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-5293

eLibrary SPIN: 1075-0861, AuthorID: 332080

Scopus Author ID: 6506075004

 

Dmitry A. Ionkin – Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of Educational Department, Surgeon of Abdominal Surgery Department, A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-5293

eLibrary SPIN: 1075-0861, AuthorID: 332080

Scopus Author ID: 6506075004

da.ionkin@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А. В. Вишневского Минздрава России <p> г. Москва, Российская ФедерацияA. V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery <p> Moscow, Russian Federation20250909202512387103Copyright &#x00A9; Степанова Ю.А., Ионкин Д.А., 20252025Степанова Ю.А., Ионкин Д.А.Stepanova Y.A., Ionkin D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/1129

Цель исследования. Анализ литературных данных, посвященных случаям очагового проявления саркоидоза селезенки.Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск публикаций в базе данных PubMed, используя ключевые слова «splenic sarcoidosis» (саркоидоз селезенки), «isolated splenic sarcoidosis» (изолированный саркоидоз селезенки) и «primary splenic sarcoidosis» (первичный саркоидоз селезенки) за период с 1944 по 2024 гг. Были отобраны статьи с описанием клинических наблюдений саркоидоза селезенки, где можно было достоверно определить наличие очагового проявления саркоидоза селезенки с описательной картиной диагностики, морфологической верификацией, а также с дополнительной информацией о поражении других органов.Результаты. При анализе данных статей было выявлено 128 случаев саркоидоза селезенки, из них изолированный очаговый саркоидоз селезенки выявлен в 41 (32,0 %) случае. Сочетанный саркоидоз (при котором поражение селезенки сочеталось с одной или двумя другими локализациями, либо было в составе множественного поражения всего организма) составил 68,0 % наблюдений. Cаркоидоз развился синхронно или после хирургического лечения онкологического заболевания в 22 (17,2 %) случаях: синхронно – 12 (54,5 %) наблюдений; в послеоперационном периоде – 10 (45,5 %). Провед анализ выявленных наблюдений. Выделены основные клинические и лучевые характеристики очагового саркоидоза селезенки, а также наиболее часто встречаемых в нашем анализе других локализаций.Заключение. Проявление поражений селезенки может варьироваться от бессимптомного течения до критических состояний пациентов. Очаговые образования селезенки встречаются достаточно редко, что затрудняет сбор данных больших групп однородных морфологических форм для анализа и выработки критериев дифференциальной диагностики, поэтому наличие очага в селезенке, зачастую, вызывает сложности у специалистов при постановке диагноза. В обзоре определены показатели встречаемости очагового саркоидоза селезенки и выделены его основные клинические и лучевые характеристики. Знание этих признаков позволяет дифференцировать заболевание, особенно при изолированном поражении.

Purpose of the study. Analysis of literature data on cases of spleen sarcoidosis focal manifestations.Materials and methods. A search was conducted for publications in the PubMed database using the keywords "splenic sarcoidosis", "isolated splenic sarcoidosis" and "primary splenic sarcoidosis" for the period from 1944 to 2024. Articles describing clinical observations of spleen sarcoidosis were selected, where it was possible to reliably determine the presence of focal manifestations of spleen sarcoidosis with a descriptive diagnostic picture, morphological verification, as well as additional information about lesions of other organs.Results. The analysis of these articles revealed 128 cases of spleen sarcoidosis, of which isolated focal spleen sarcoidosis was detected in 41 (32.0 %) cases. Combined sarcoidosis (in which the lesion of the spleen was combined with one or two other localizations or was part of a multiple lesion of the entire organism) accounted for 68.0 % of cases. Sarcoidosis developed synchronously or after surgical treatment of cancer in 22 (17.2 %) cases: synchronously – 12 (54.5 %) cases; in the postoperative period – 10 (45.5 %). An analysis of the identified observations is carried out. The main clinical and radiation characteristics of focal sarcoidosis of the spleen, as well as the most common other localizations in our analysis, are highlighted.Conclusion. Spleen lesions can occur in various clinical situations, ranging from asymptomatic patients to critically ill patients. However, focal formations of the spleen are quite rare, which makes it difficult to collect data from large groups of homogeneous morphological forms for analysis and development of criteria for differential diagnosis, therefore, the presence of a focus in the spleen often causes difficulties for specialists to make a diagnosis. The review identifies the incidence rates of focal spleen sarcoidosis and highlights its main clinical and radiation characteristics. Knowledge of these signs makes it possible to differentiate the disease, especially with an isolated lesion.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.