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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Research'n Practical Medicine Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research and Practical Medicine Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2410-1893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"QUASAR", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17709/2410-1893-2026-13-3-8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpmj-1245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Панкреатодуоденальная резекция в старческом возрасте: где граница целесообразности?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients: where is the limit of appropriateness?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-1390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Василий Иванович – к.м.н., доцент кафедры онкологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии;врач-онколог онкологического отделения,</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy I. Egorov – Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging,</p><p>Oncologist, Department of Oncology,</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drvasiliy21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3697-0520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярославлев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaroslavlev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярославлев Артур Анатольевич – врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог,</p><p>г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur A. Yaroslavlev – MD, anesthesiologist and intensivist doctor,</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drvasiliy21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан им. профессора М. З. Сигала»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University;&#13;
Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after prof. M.Z. Sigal</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан им. профессора М. З. Сигала»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after prof. M.Z. Sigal</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Егоров В.И., Ярославлев А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егоров В.И., Ярославлев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorov V.I., Yaroslavlev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/1245">https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/1245</self-uri><abstract><p>Рак поджелудочной железы характеризуется поздней диагностикой и преимущественным поражением пациентов старших возрастных групп. В связи с общим старением населения и улучшением соматического статуса пожилых людей, вопрос обоснованности, безопасности и критериев отбора для выполнения панкреатодуоденальной резекции у пациентов старческого возраста (75 лет и старше) приобретает исключительную клиническую значимость.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Систематизация современных данных о непосредственных и отдаленных исходах панкреатодуоденальной резекции у пациентов старческого возраста, определение ключевых факторов риска неблагоприятных исходов, формулировка критериев отбора для хирургического лечения и анализ эффективности альтернативных терапевтических подходов в этой когорте.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен систематический поиск и анализ современных отечественных и зарубежных научных публикаций (оригинальных исследований, систематических обзоров, метаанализов, клинических рекомендаций). Поиск статей осуществлялся в электронных базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, E-library.ru за период с 2010 по 2025 год. Критической оценке подвергнуты показатели послеоперационной летальности, частоты осложнений, отдаленной выживаемости, качества жизни, а также критерии, влияющие на принятие клинического решения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что хронологический возраст сам по себе не является независимым предиктором неблагоприятных исходов после панкреатодуоденальной резекции. Ключевыми детерминантами риска выступают биологический возраст, оцениваемый по шкалам ASA и ECOG, наличие синдрома старческой астении и нутритивного дефицита. Периоперационная химиотерапия идентифицирована как важнейший независимый прогностический фактор, нивелирующий негативное влияние возраста. Применение комплексной гериатрической оценки, протоколов ERAS, пререабилитации и малоинвазивных хирургических доступов позволяет оптимизировать результаты лечения. Для пациентов высокого риска эффективными альтернативами являются системная химиотерапия, стереотаксическая лучевая терапия, радиочастотная абляция, электропорация опухолей поджелудочной железы, фотодинамическая терапия при опухолях дистального отдела холедоха, эндоскопическое удаление новообразований большого дуоденального сосочка.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Граница целесообразности выполнения панкреатодуоденальной резекции в старческом возрасте определяется не календарным возрастом, а интегральной оценкой функциональных резервов пациента (биологический возраст), биологией опухоли и возможностью проведения комплексного, в том числе химиотерапевтического, лечения. Принятие решения требует обязательного мультидисциплинарного подхода с участием гериатра и должно основываться на современных алгоритмах стратификации риска и принципах персонализированной медицины.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pancreatic cancer is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage and predominantly affects older adults. Given population aging and improvements in the overall health status of older individuals, the appropriateness, safety, and patient selection criteria for pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients aged ≥ 75 years are becoming increasingly important clinical considerations.</p><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To systematize current evidence on the short- and long-term outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients aged ≥ 75 years, identify key risk factors for adverse outcomes, formulate criteria for selecting candidates for surgical treatment, and assess the effectiveness of alternative therapeutic approaches in this patient population.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A systematic search and analysis of current Russian and international publications, including original studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines, were performed. The literature search covered the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY.RU databases for the period from 2010 to 2025. Postoperative mortality, complication rates, long-term survival, quality of life, and factors influencing clinical decisionmaking were critically evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Chronological age alone was not found to be an independent predictor of adverse outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The principal risk determinants were biological age, assessed using the ASA physical status classification and ECOG performance status, frailty, and nutritional deficiency. Perioperative chemotherapy was identified as a major independent prognostic factor capable of mitigating the adverse impact of age. Comprehensive geriatric assessment, ERAS protocols, prehabilitation, and minimally invasive surgical approaches may improve treatment outcomes. Effective alternatives for high-risk patients include systemic chemotherapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, electroporation of pancreatic tumors, photodynamic therapy for distal common bile duct tumors, and endoscopic resection of major duodenal papilla neoplasms.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The appropriateness of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients aged ≥75 years should be determined not by chronological age but by an integrated assessment of the patient’s functional reserve, or biological age, tumor biology, and eligibility for multimodal treatment, including chemotherapy. Clinical decision-making requires a mandatory multidisciplinary approach involving a geriatrician and should be based on contemporary risk-stratification algorithms and the principles of personalized medicine.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>панкреатодуоденальная резекция</kwd><kwd>старческий возраст</kwd><kwd>биологический возраст</kwd><kwd>гериатрическая оценка</kwd><kwd>старческая астения</kwd><kwd>периоперационная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>пререабилитация</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pancreaticoduodenectomy</kwd><kwd>advanced age</kwd><kwd>biological age</kwd><kwd>geriatric assessment</kwd><kwd>frailty</kwd><kwd>perioperative chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>prehabilitation</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Солодкий В. А., Кригер А. Г., Горин Д. С., Двухжилов М. 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