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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Research'n Practical Medicine Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research and Practical Medicine Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2410-1893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"QUASAR", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17709/2409-2231-2017-4-3-7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpmj-202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>САХАРНЫЙ ДИАБЕТ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ЦИРРОЗОМ ПЕЧЕНИ: НОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS: NEW TREATMENT OPTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-2825</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моргунов</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morgunov</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры терапии, клинической фармакологии и скорой медицинской помощи,</p><p>127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor of the Department of Therapy, Clinical Pharmacology and Emergency Medical Care,</p><p>20 Delegatskaya str., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">morgunov.l.y@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Моргунов Л.Ю., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Моргунов Л.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morgunov L.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/202">https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/202</self-uri><abstract><p>В экономически развитых странах цирроз печени (ЦП) входит в число шести основных причин смерти в возрасте 35–60 лет и составляет от 14 до 30 случаев на 100 тыс. населения. В мире от ЦП ежегодно умирают 40 млн. человек. У 6% населения РФ встречается сахарный диабет (СД). Сочетание СД у пациентов с ЦП — часто встречающаяся коморбидная патология. СД является фактором риска развития ЦП, а распространенность сочетания обоих заболеваний достаточно велика, хотя данные о частоте встречаемости разнятся. Около 80% пациентов с ЦП могут иметь нарушения обмена глюкозы, а у 30% выявляется СД. Перспективные исследования показали, что СД ассоциируется с повышенным риском развития печеночных осложнений и смерти у больных с ЦП. СД увеличивает риск осложнений ЦП любой этиологии (варикозно расширенных вен пищевода, печеночной энцефалопатии, печеночно-клеточной недостаточности) и последующего выживания. Заболеваемость, частота госпитализаций и смертность при данной сочетанной патологии весьма велики. Существуют единые механизмы, провоцирующие метаболические и аутоиммунные нарушения при развитии хронического гепатита и ЦП, приводящие к стеатозу, резистентности к инсулину, нарушению толерантности к глюкозе и развитию СД. Имеются определенные особенности оценки компенсации углеводного обмена у пациентов с ЦП, анемией и нарушениями белкового обмена. Эффективный контроль гликемии может оказать благоприятное влияние на лечение этих пациентов. Тем не менее, лишь в немногих исследованиях оценены эффективность и безопасность противодиабетических препаратов и влияние лечения СД на уровень заболеваемости и смертности у пациентов с ЦП. Ранее считалось, что при наличии ЦП единственным средством лечения остается инсулин. В настоящее время, в связи с появлением современных групп сахароснижающих препаратов, а также новых подходов к терапии СД 2 типа, эта концепция стала радикально меняться. К сожалению, вопросы коррекции углеводного обмена у пациентов с ЦП практически не освещены в мировой литературе. В данной работе рассматриваются вопросы коррекции углеводного обмена у пациентов с ЦП и печеночно-клеточной недостаточностью аналогами инсулина, бигуанидами, препаратами с инкретиновым эффектом — ингибиторами дипептидилпептидазы‑4, агонистами глюкагоноподобного пептида‑1, ингибиторами натрийглюкозного котранспортера 2 типа. Особое внимание уделено развитию печеночно-клеточной недостаточности и портальной гипертензии у пациентов с ЦП и СД 2 типа, а также способам их профилактики и коррекции альтернативными инсулинотерапии методами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In economically developed countries, cirrhosis is one of the six leading causes of death at the age of 35–60 years and ranges from 14 to 30 cases per 100000 population. In the world 40 million people die of cirrhosis each year. At 6% of the population of the Russian Federation there is a diabetes mellitus. The combination of diabetes mellitus in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is a common comorbid pathology. Diabetes mellitusis a risk factor for the development of liver cirrhosis, and the incidence of combination of both diseases is quite high, although the frequency of occurrence varies. About 80% of patients with LC may have impaired glucose metabolism, and 30% have diabetes mellitus. Prospective studies have shown that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing hepatic complications and death in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of complications of liver cirrhosis of any etiology (varicose veins of the esophagus, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatic-cell insufficiency) and subsequent survival. The incidence, frequency of hospitalizations and mortality from this combined pathology are very high. There are common mechanisms that provoke metabolic and autoimmune disorders in the development of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, leading to steatosis, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and the development of diabetes mellitus. There are certain features of the evaluation of the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, anemia and impaired protein metabolism. Effective control of glycemia can have a beneficial effect on the treatment of these patients. However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of antidiabetic drugs and the effect of diabetes treatment on morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Previously it was believed that in the presence of cirrhosis the only treatment remains insulin. At present, in connection with the emergence of modern groups of hypoglycemic drugs, as well as new approaches to the treatment of type 2 diabetes, this concept has radically changed. Unfortunately, the issues of correction of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with cirrhosis of the liver are practically not covered in the world literature. This article deals with the correction of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular insufficiency of insulin analogs, biguanides, drugs with incretin effect — dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 inhibitors, agonists of glucagon-like peptide‑1, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 diabetes. Particular attention is paid to the development of hepatocellular insufficiency and portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes, as well as processes for their prevention and insulin alternative correction methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>печеночно-клеточная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>liver cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>hepatic-cell insufficiency</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burra P. Liver abnormalities and endocrine diseases.Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Aug; 27 (4): 553–63. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.06.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burra P. 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