rpmjResearch'n Practical Medicine JournalResearch and Practical Medicine Journal2410-1893"QUASAR", LLC10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-2-9rpmj-543Research ArticleОбзорыReviewМитохондрии трансформированной клетки как мишень противоопухолевого воздействияMitochondria of transformed cell as a target of antitumor influencehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3618-6890ФранциянцЕ. М.FrantsiyantsE. M.

Франциянц Елена Михайловна – доктор биологических наук, профессор, заместитель генерального директора по научной работе, руководитель лаборатории изучения патогенеза злокачественных опухолей

344037, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, д. 63

SPIN: 9427-9928

AuthorID: 462868

Elena M. Frantsiyants – Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor, deputy director general for science, head of the laboratory for the study of the pathogenesis of malignant tumors

63 14 line str., Rostov-on-Don 344037

SPIN: 9427-9928

AuthorID: 462868

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3086НескубинаИ. В.NeskubinaI. V.

Нескубина Ирина Валерьевна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения патогенеза злокачественных опухолей

344037, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, д. 63

SPIN: 5047-1541

AuthorID: 734116

Irina V. Neskubina – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher of the laboratory for the study of pathogenesis of malignant tumors

SPIN: 3581-8531

AuthorID: 734116

63 14 line str., Rostov-on-Don 344037

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9616-8996ШейкоЕ. А.SheikoE. A.

Шейко Елена Александровна – кандидат биологических наук, профессор РАЕ, научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения патогенеза злокачественных опухолей ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» Минздрава России

344037, г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 14 линия, д. 63

SPIN: 7293-3480

AuthorID: 479978

Elena A. Sheiko – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), RAE Professor, researcher at the laboratory for studying the pathogenesis of malignant tumors

63 14 line str., Rostov-on-Don 344037

SPIN: 7293-3480

AuthorID: 479978

esheiko@inbox.ruФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation2020240620207292108Copyright © Франциянц Е.М., Нескубина И.В., Шейко Е.А., 20202020Франциянц Е.М., Нескубина И.В., Шейко Е.А.Frantsiyants E.M., Neskubina I.V., Sheiko E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/543

Митохондрии представляют собой внутриклеточные органеллы в эукариотических клетках, которые участвуют в биоэнергетическом метаболизме и клеточном гомеостазе, включая генерацию аденозинтрифосфата (АТФ) посредством транспорта электронов и окислительного фосфорилирования в сочетании с окислением метаболитов циклом трикарбоновых кислот и катаболизмом жирных кислот с помощью β-окисления. Митохондрии производят активные формы кислорода (АФК), инициируют и реализуют апоптоз, активируют многочисленные пути передачи сигналов, связанные со смертью клеток, регулируя транслокацию проапоптотических белков из промежуточного пространства митохондрий в цитозоль. Этим обусловлено появление новой дисциплины — медицины митохондрий. В обзоре рассмотрены и проанализированы научные публикации, посвященные роли митохондрий в жизнеобеспечении трансформированных клеток, изучению их особенностей структурно функциональных дисфункций в рамках митохондриальной медицины. Митохондриальная медицина является развивающейся дисциплиной, значение которой вытекает из центральной функции митохондрий в производстве АТФ, генерации АФК и гибели клеток в результате некроза или апоптоза. Следовательно, осмысление роли митохондриальной дисфункции в изучении патофизиологии рака, многих других распространенных заболеваний весьма важно. Это дает импульс развитию митохондриальной фармакологии с использованием митохондрий как мишеней для различного рода воздействий, что может служить биохимической основой при разработке новых противоопухолевых средств. Возможно, комбинированное использование модуляторов метаболизма митохондрий и средств противоопухолевой терапии будет способствовать появлению нового направления в противоопухолевом лечении, которое послужит существенному повышению эффективности лечения онкобольного.

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles in eukaryotic cells that participate in bioenergy metabolism and cell homeostasis, including ATP generation through electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation in combination with oxidation of metabolites by the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid catabolism via β-oxidation. the production of reactive oxygen species, as well as the initiation and implementation of apoptosis. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism and the regulation of programmed cell death. mitochondria activate numerous signaling pathways associated with cell death. Mitochondria have the ability to control the activation of programmed cell death by regulating the translocation of proapoptotic proteins from the intermediate space of mitochondria to the cytosol. This is the reason for the emergence of a new discipline — mitochondrial medicine. The review examined and analyzed scientific publications on the role of mitochondria in the life support of transformed cells, the study of their functioning and structurally functional dysfunctions, as part of mitochondrial medicine. Mitochondrial medicine is a developing discipline whose significance stems from the central function of mitochondria in the production of adenosine triphosphate, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and cell death due to necrosis or apoptosis. Consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cancer, many other common diseases and side effects of drugs. Perhaps the combined use of modulators of mitochondrial metabolism and antitumor therapy will contribute to the emergence of a new direction in antitumor treatment, which will significantly increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.