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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rpmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Research'n Practical Medicine Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research and Practical Medicine Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2410-1893</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"QUASAR", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-3-4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rpmj-587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи. Урология и андрология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles. Urology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль пункционной биопсии яичка в ведении пациентов с азооспермией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of percutaneous testis biopsy in management of patients with azoospermia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-9789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанов</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanov</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасанов Натиг Гасанович – врач-уролог отделения андрологии и урологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57205162186</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natig G. Gasanov – urologist of the department of andrology and urology </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57205162186 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9128-2714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамидов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamidov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гамидов Сафар Исраилович – д.м.н., руководитель отделения андрологии и урологии; профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>AuthorID: 521494</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57214885115</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safar I. Gamidov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), head of the department of andrology and urology; professor of the department of obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991</p><p>AuthorID: 521494</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57214885115 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-9236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатылко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatylko</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатылко Тарас Валерьевич – к.м.н., врач-уролог отделения андрологии и урологии</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>SPIN: 4129-3649</p><p>AuthorID: 642187</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56286242600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taras V. Shatylko – Cand. Sci. (Med.), urologist of the department of andrology and urology </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>SPIN: 4129-3649</p><p>AuthorID: 642187</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56286242600 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dialectic.law@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-5602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Алина Юрьевна – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения андрологии и урологии; доцент кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>19991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p><p>SPIN: 2344-0079</p><p>AuthorID: 650291</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57202693417</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina Yu. Popova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher of the Department of andrology and urology; аssociate professor of obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991</p><p>SPIN: 2344-0079</p><p>AuthorID: 650291</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57202693417 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1396-7272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Наталья Петровна – к.б.н., эмбриолог</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>SPIN: 8498-4890</p><p>AuthorID: 707558</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56895725700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya P. Makarova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), embryologist </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>SPIN: 8498-4890</p><p>AuthorID: 707558</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56895725700 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушакова Ирина Вячеславовна – к.б.н., эмбриолог</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p><p>SPIN: 3314-3163</p><p>AuthorID: 110756</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Ushakova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), embryologist </p><p>4 Akademika Oparina str., Moscow, 117997</p><p>SPIN: 3314-3163</p><p>AuthorID: 110756 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-1511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоран</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loran</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лоран Олег Борисович – д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой урологии и хирургической андрологии </p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p><p>SPIN: 7604-8138</p><p>AuthorID: 370312</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7004893409</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg B. Loran – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the department of urology and surgical andrology </p><p>2/1, Barricadnaya str., Moscow, 125993</p><p>SPIN: 7604-8138</p><p>AuthorID: 370312</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7004893409 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И.Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И.Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology; I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гасанов Н.Г., Гамидов С.И., Шатылко Т.В., Попова А.Ю., Макарова Н.П., Ушакова И.В., Лоран О.Б., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гасанов Н.Г., Гамидов С.И., Шатылко Т.В., Попова А.Ю., Макарова Н.П., Ушакова И.В., Лоран О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gasanov N.G., Gamidov S.I., Shatylko T.V., Popova A.Y., Makarova N.P., Ushakova I.V., Loran O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/587">https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/587</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Определить практическую ценность пункционных методов получения сперматозоидов при азооспермии. Пациенты и методы. Проведён анализ результатов 127 пункционных биопсий яичка (TESA) и придатка яичка (PESA) у пациентов с азооспермией предположительно обструктивного генеза. Была подсчитана частота получения сперматозоидов (ЧПС), а также частота перехода к открытой биопсии яичка. Построена модель логистической регрессии для анализа факторов, влияющих на результат TESA / PESA, в которую вошли в качестве независимых переменных следующие параметры: возраст пациента, длительность вынужденного бесплодия, уровень половых гормонов (тестостерон, эстрадиол, лютеинизирующий гормон (ЛГ), фолликулостимулирующий гормон (ФСГ), пролактин, прогестерон, ингибин B), суммарный объём яичек, наличие варикоцеле, наличие химиотерапии или лучевой терапии в анамнезе, злоупотребление алкоголем, табакокурение, регулярное нарушение теплового режима, перенесённые оперативные вмешательства в пахово-мошоночной области. Получены показатели отношения вероятностей (ОВ) с 95%-ным доверительным интервалом (95% ДИ). Результаты. Успешными оказались 92 попытки биопсии из 127, ЧПС составила 72,4%. Независимыми статистически значимыми предикторами успеха PESA / TESA оказались объём яичек (ОВ = 1,113; 95% ДИ = 1,026–1,207) и уровень ингибина B (ОВ = 1,026; 95% ДИ = 1,011–1,041). У 35 пациентов, у которых сперматозоиды не были найдены при пункционной биопсии, выполнялась конверсия в открытую микрохирургическую биопсию. Заключение. PESA и TESA обладают лишь ограниченной эффективностью при азооспермии. Мы считаем обоснованной пункционную биопсию яичек и придатков только у пациентов с нормальным объёмом яичек и высоким уровнем ингибина B. PESA / TESA следует выполнять в условиях, позволяющих немедленно перейти к открытой биопсии в случае неудачи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose of the study. To determine the practical value of puncture methods for obtaining spermatozoa in azoospermia. Patients and methods. The results of 127 puncture biopsies of testis (TESA) and testicular appendage (PESA) in patients with azoospermia of presumably obstructive origin were analyzed. The sperm production frequency (SPF) was calculated, as well as the frequency of transition to an open testicular biopsy. Was built a logistic regression model to analyze factors influencing the result, TESA / PESA, which included as independent variables the following parameters: patient age, duration of involuntary infertility, the level of sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, progesterone, inhibin B), the total volume of testes, presence of varicocele, the presence of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, a history of alcohol abuse, Smoking, regular violation of the thermal mode, surgery in the inguinal and scrotal region. Indicators of the probability ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained. Results. 92 biopsy attempts out of 127 were successful, and the NPV was 72.4%. Independent statistically significant predictors of PESA / TESA success were testicular volume (PR = 1.113; 95% CI = 1.026–1.207) and inhibin b level (PR = 1.026; 95% CI = 1.011–1.041). In 35 patients whose spermatozoa were not found during the puncture biopsy, conversion to open microsurgical biopsy was performed. Conclusion. PESA and TESA have only limited effectiveness in azoospermia. We believe that puncture biopsy of the testicles and epididymis is justified only in patients with normal testicular volume and high levels of inhibin B. PESA / TESA should be performed in conditions that allow immediate transition to an open biopsy in case of failure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>азооспермия</kwd><kwd>биопсия яичка</kwd><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>хирургическая экстракция сперматозоидов</kwd><kwd>PESA</kwd><kwd>TESA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>azoospermia</kwd><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>testicular biopsy</kwd><kwd>surgical sperm extraction</kwd><kwd>PESA</kwd><kwd>TESA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гамидов С.И., Попова А.Ю., Гасанов Н.Г., Овчинников Р.И., Наумов Н.П., Шатылко Т.В. Роль методов хирургического получения сперматозоидов у пациентов с азооспермией в программах вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (обзор литературы). 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