rpmjResearch'n Practical Medicine JournalResearch and Practical Medicine Journal2410-1893"QUASAR", LLC10.17709/2410-1893-2021-8-4-10rpmj-710Research ArticleОбзорReviewСовременные биомаркеры рака предстательной железыCurrent biomarkers of prostate cancerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-368XАбоянИ. А.AboianI. A.

Абоян Игорь Артемович – д.м.н., профессор, главный врач, SPIN: 3327-2250, AuthorID: 693098

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Igor A. Aboian – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, chief medical officer, SPIN: 3327-2250, AuthorID: 693098

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-4806ФедотоваЕ. Н.FedotovaE. N.

Федотова Екатерина Николаевна – биолог клинической лабораторной диагностики, SPIN: 3000-9183, AuthorID: 1109849

344011, Российская Федерация, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Доломановский, д. 70/3

Ekaterina N. Fedotova – biologist at the clinical laboratory diagnostics, SPIN: 3000-9183, AuthorID: 1109849

70/3 Dolomanovsky lane, Rostov-on-Don 344011, Russian Federation

eka140184@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-134XШевченкоА. Н.ShevchenkoA. N.

Шевченко Алексей Николаевич – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением онкоурологии, SPIN: 2748-2638, AuthorID: 735424, ResearchID: Y-5387-2018, Scopus Author ID: 57192283096

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Alexey N. Shevchenko – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, head of the Department of Oncourology, SPIN: 2748-2638, AuthorID: 735424, ResearchID: Y-5387-2018, Scopus Author ID: 57192283096

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6468-5983ПакусС. М.PakusS. M.

Пакус Сергей Михайлович – к.м.н, врач-уролог

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Sergei M. Pakus – Cand. Sci. (Med.), urologist 

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1397-837XМаксимовА. Ю.MaximovA. Yu.

Максимов Алексей Юрьевич – д.м.н., профессор, зам. генерального директора по перспективным научным разработкам, SPIN: 7322-5589, AuthorID: 710705, Scopus Author ID: 56579049500

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Alexei Yu. Maximov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, deputy General Director for Advanced Scientific Research of the Department of Oncourology, SPIN: 7322-5589, AuthorID: 710705, Scopus Author ID: 56579049500

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-4414ФилатоваЕ. В.FilatovaE. V.

Филатова Елена Валерьевна – к.м.н., врач-онколог, научный сотрудник, SPIN: 7517-1549, AuthorID: 794870, Scopus Author ID: 5719228349

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Elena V. Filatova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), oncologist, research fellow, SPIN: 7517-1549, AuthorID: 794870, Scopus Author ID 5719228349

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-8044ХомутенкоИ. А.KhomutenkoI. A.

Хомутенко Ирина Анатольевна – к.м.н, старший научный сотрудник, SPIN: 5401-5810, AuthorID: 735408

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Irina A. Khomutenko – Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior research fellow, SPIN: 5401-5810, AuthorID: 735408

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-6550КомароваЕ. Ф.KomarovaЕ. F.

Комарова Екатерина Федоровна – профессор РАН, д.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, SPIN: 1094-3139, AuthorID: 348709, ResearcherID: T-4520-2019

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Ekaterina F. Кomarova – Professor of Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor, senior research fellow, SPIN: 1094-3139, AuthorID: 348709, ResearcherID: T-4520-2019

Rostov-on-Don

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4222-1579ГуськоваН. К.GuskovaN. K.

Гуськова Наиля Катифовна – к.б.н., заведующая клинико-диагностической лабораторией, SPIN: 5407-6285, AuthorID: 306979

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Nailya K. Guskova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), head of clinical diagnostic laboratory, SPIN: 5407-6285, AuthorID: 306979

Rostov-on-Don

Клинико-диагностический центр «Здоровье»РоссияClinical and Diagnostic Center "Zdorovie"Russian FederationНМИЦ онкологииРоссияNational Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation2021091220218496108Copyright © Абоян И.А., Федотова Е.Н., Шевченко А.Н., Пакус С.М., Максимов А.Ю., Филатова Е.В., Хомутенко И.А., Комарова Е.Ф., Гуськова Н.К., 20212021Абоян И.А., Федотова Е.Н., Шевченко А.Н., Пакус С.М., Максимов А.Ю., Филатова Е.В., Хомутенко И.А., Комарова Е.Ф., Гуськова Н.К.Aboian I.A., Fedotova E.N., Shevchenko A.N., Pakus S.M., Maximov A.Y., Filatova E.V., Khomutenko I.A., Komarova Е.F., Guskova N.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/710

Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) - одно из наиболее распространенных злокачественных новообразований у мужчин. Раннее обнаружение рака простаты в значительной степени определяется широко используемым анализом крови на простатический специфический антиген (ПСА). Однако в качестве диагностического и прогностического теста РПЖ ПСА обладает ограниченной специфичностью, чувствительностью и приводит к гипер- или гиподиагностике, что, в свою очередь, может привести к чрезмерному лечению. Поэтому очень важно разрабатывать диагностические маркеры, по которым можно определить РПЖ на ранней стадии развития, оценить возможное прогрессирование заболевания и назначить оптимальную терапию. Был достигнут значительный прогресс в открытии биомаркеров рака простаты. К примеру, для повышения специфичности и уменьшения количества ненужных биопсий могут использоваться биомаркеры, такие как % свободного ПСА, индекс здоровья простаты (PHI) или оценка 4K, в то время как тест PCA3 может применяться для уменьшения количества повторных биопсий у мужчин с ранее отрицательной биопсией. Для определения агрессивности и прогнозирования исхода заболевания могут использоваться тканевые мультигенные тесты, такие как: T2-ERG, ExoDx, SelectMDx и ConfirmMDx, Prolaris, Oncoytype DX, Decipher. Разработка таких диагностических биомаркеров открывает новые возможности для улучшения диагностики рака простаты, прогноза и принятия решений о назначении терапии. А с увеличением их доступности, наконец, на горизонте появляется возможность индивидуального подхода к диагностике и назначению лечения мужчин с раком предстательной железы. В обзорной статье представлены данные о наиболее современных диагностических биомаркерах РПЖ.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Early detection of prostate cancer is largely determined by the widely used prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test. However, as a diagnostic and prognostic test of prostate cancer, PSA has limited specificity, sensitivity and leads to hyper or underdiagnosis, which, in turn, can lead to excessive treatment. There fore, it is very important to develop diagnostic markers that can be used to determine prostate cancer at an early stage of development, assess the possible progression of the disease and prescribe optimal therapy. Significant progress has been made in the discovery of biomarkers for prostate cancer. For example, biomarkers such as %-free PSA, Prostate Health Index (PHI) or 4K score can be used to increase specificity and reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, while the PCA3 test can be used to reduce the number of repeated biopsies in men with previously negative biopsy. To determine aggressiveness and predict the outcome of the disease, tissue multigenic tests can be used, such as: T2-ERG, ExoDx, SelectMDx and ConfirmMDx, Prolaris, Oncoytype DX, Decipher. The development of such diagnostic tests opens up new opportunities for improving the diagnosis of prostate cancer, prognosis and decision-making on the appointment of therapy. And with the increase in their availability, finally, the possibility of an individual approach to the appointment of treatment for men with prostate cancer appears on the horizon. This review paper presents the data on the most advanced diagnostic biomarkers of prostate cancer.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.