rpmjResearch'n Practical Medicine JournalResearch and Practical Medicine Journal2410-1893"QUASAR", LLC10.17709/2410-1893-2022-9-2-9rpmj-745Research ArticleОригинальные статьи. МаммологияOriginal Articles. MammalogyПерспективы применения вакуумно-аспирационной биопсии для диагностики злокачественных новообразований молочных желез у пациенток в 3 и 4а категориях по шкале BIRADSProspects of the vacuum aspiration biopsy in terms of making the diagnoosis of malignant neoplasms of the mammary glands in patients categorised 3 and 4 according to BIRADS scalehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-1759СкурихинС. С.SkurikhinS. S.

Скурихин Семен Сергеевич – онколог, заведующий отделением заболеваний молочных желез. SPIN: 5039-1933, AuthorID: 1049479

194017, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, д. 72

Semyon S. Skurikhin – oncologist, head of the department of breast diseases. SPIN: 5039-1933, AuthorID: 1049479

72 Torez Ave., Saint Petersburg 194017

mollimed@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-231XБолотинИ. А.BolotinI. A.

Болотин Илья Александрович – онколог. SPIN: 4782-5136, AuthorID: 1115270

г. Санкт-Петербург

Ilya A. Bolotin – oncologist. SPIN: 4782-5136, AuthorID: 1115270

St. Petersburg

ЧагунаваО. Л.ChagunavaO. L.

Чагунава Олег Леонтьевич – к.м.н., главный врач. AuthorID: 470553

г. Санкт-Петербург

Oleg L. Chagunava – Cand. Sci. (Med.), chief physician. AuthorID: 470553

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0846-3814ГуслевА. Б.GuslevA. B.

Гуслев Александр Борисович – к.м.н., доцент, заместитель главного врача по науке. SPIN: 1954-2082, AuthorID: 573877

г. Санкт-Петербург

Alexander B. Guslev – Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor, deputy chief physician for science. SPIN: 1954-2082, AuthorID: 573877

St. Petersburg

Санкт-Петербургская клиническая больница РАНРоссияSt. Petersburg Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20222903202292107112Copyright © Скурихин С.С., Болотин И.А., Чагунава О.Л., Гуслев А.Б., 20222022Скурихин С.С., Болотин И.А., Чагунава О.Л., Гуслев А.Б.Skurikhin S.S., Bolotin I.A., Chagunava O.L., Guslev A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rpmj.ru/rpmj/article/view/745Цель исследования

Цель исследования. Оценить перспективы применения вакуумно‑аспирационной биопсии для диагностики рака молочной железы у пациенток с очаговыми изменениями молочных железы 3 и 4а категорий по шкале BIRADS.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. С февраля 2020 по июль 2021 гг. 41 (n = 41) пациентке с узловыми образованиями 3 и 4а категорий по BIRADS нами проведена 41 вакуумно‑аспирационная биопсия (ВАБ) (n = 41) под местной инфильтрационной анестезией с ультразвуковой навигацией. В 17 % (n = 7) узловые новообразования носили множественный характер. Проведение ультразвукового исследования являлось обязательным для всех пациенток и в 17 % (n = 7) это сочеталось с маммографией. У 5 пациенток ранее была выполнена инвазивная диагностика тканевого материала из опухолей подлежащих проведению ВАБ. В 4 случаях была выполнена трепан‑биопсия и в 1 случае проведена тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия (ТАБ). Во всех случая атипии выявлено не было.

Результаты

Результаты. В 85,3 % (n = 35) случаев удаленные образования имели доброкачественный характер. Рак молочной железы выявлен в 4,8 % случаев (n = 2), в 9,7 % (n = 4) диагностирован рак in situ. Случаи инвазивного рака наблюдались в обоих категориях по шкале BIRADS, в тоже время рак in situ диагностирован только в 4a категории BIRADS. Остаточная ткань образования выявлена в 1 случае (n = 1). Во время проведения процедуры осложнений не выявлено, в раннем послеоперационном периоде у 2‑х пациенток 4,8 % (n = 2) произошло формирование серомы. Все пациентки отметили хорошую переносимость манипуляции.

Заключение

Заключение. Полученные данные позволяют предположить, что вакуумно‑аспирационная биопсия обладает высокой диагностической точностью и имеет определенные преимущества у данной категории пациенток, в особенности при необходимости проведения более прецизионной инвазивной диагностики без выполнения эксцизионной биопсии.

Purpose of the study

Purpose of the study. Was to assess the prospects for the use of vacuum aspiration biopsy in terms of breast cancer diagnosis in patients with focal breast changes categorised by 3 and 4a according to the BIRADS scale.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. In the period from February 2020 to July 2021, 41 (n = 41) the patient with nodules of 3 and 4a categories according to BIRADS has been passed 41 vacuum aspiration biopsies (VAB) (n = 41) under local infiltration anesthesia with ultrasound navigation. The 17 % (n = 7) of the nodular neoplasms were represented by multiple lesions. The ultrasound examination was mandatory for all the patients and the 17 % (n = 7) was combined with mammography. Invasive diagnostics of tissue material from tumors subject to VAB was previously performed in 5 patients. Trephine biopsy was also performed in 4 cases and the fine needle aspiration biopsy (TAB) was performed in 1 case. Tissue atypia was not detected in all cases.

Results

Results. The removed lesions were benign in 85.3 % (n = 35) of the cases. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 4.8 % of cases (n = 2), cancer in situ was diagnosed in 9.7 % (n = 4). The cases of invasive cancer were observed in both BIRADS categories, while in situ cancer was diagnosed in only 4a BIRADS categories. The residual tissue of the formation was detected in 1 case (n = 1). During the procedure, no complications were revealed. Moreover, in the early postoperative period, seroma formation has occurred in 2 patients 4.8 % (n = 2). All the patients noted the satisfactory tolerance to the manipulation.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The data obtained suggest that vacuum aspiration biopsy has a high diagnostic accuracy and certain advantages in this category of patients, in particular cases of urgent need to conduct more precise invasive diagnostics without performing the excisional biopsy examination.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.