Peculiarities of redox status regulation in blood of patients with different types of pancreatic lesions

Purpose of the study. A comparative analysis of the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the functioning of various units of the antioxidant system in the blood of patients with malignant pancreatic lesions and with chronic pancreatitis.

Patients and Methods. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates, the activity and content of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase), the content of reduced glutathione and blood thiol status, as well as the content of vitamins E and A (as indicators of the non-enzymatic link of the antioxidant system), were studied in the blood of 51 patients before treatment and 22 donors. Based on a histological study of tumors, patients were divided into groups: neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a neuroendocrine component; a group of patients with chronic pancreatitis was also identified.

Results. According to most of the studied parameters, neuroendocrine cancer differs from pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a more pronounced imbalance in the functioning of all units of the antioxidant system, which contributes to a greater intensification of free radical processes. Chronic pancreatitis was characterized by a lower content of all the studied antioxidant enzymes, as well as a decrease in the thiol status of the blood as compared with a malignant pancreatic lesion, which was possibly associated with the highest MDA level in the plasma of patients with chronic pancreatitis. At the same time, the content of vitamin E in chronic pancreatitis was significantly higher than for adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma with a neuroendocrine component.

Conclusions. The most pronounced violation of oxidative status is one of the metabolic features of neuroendocrine cancer. Differences revealed in patients with neuroendocrine cancer, adenocarcinoma and pancreatitis can be useful both in the diagnosis of different types of pancreatic lesions and for assessing the state of patients during treatment.

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