Objective. To quantify and to forecast the dynamics of registered cases of prostate cancer (PC) in the Ural economic region.

Material and methods. The study used official statistics on the incidence of prostate cancer in the Russian Federation for the period since 2004 to 2013. inclusive. For the predictive calculation we used the upgraded Hurst method, wich is also called the method of normalized range (R/S). All calculations and the resulting graphs are made with specialized software.

Results. Based on available statistic data for a specified period of time, we constructed the graphs of the figure of registered cases of prostate cancer for each subject the Ural economic region and for Russia as a whole. After 2013. graphics were built on the basis of the calculated forecast data. The forecast was built with the assumption of constant further factors contributing to identifying patients with prostate cancer in the study area. The results indicate the inhomogeneous statistics of the indicator for the study area is subject to subjective economic division. Overall, on the territory of the Ural economic region the increase of the incidence of prostate cancer is expected. The incidence rate in Russia is characterized by stable growth, which is expected in the future (a projection until 2018).

Conclusions. In recent years, the development of medical technology has led to the expansion of the arsenal of diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities in prostate cancer leading to the emergence of alternative choice of activities in the preparation of individual treatment plan of the patient with newly diagnosed. The increase in the share of the costs in this section of Oncology is due both to the increase in the absolute number of detected cases of the disease, and with changes in the quality of aid. In this regard, the observed and projected increase in the recorded incidence of prostate cancer naturally raises the question of the continued availability of quality medical care in this type of pathology. Planning and controlling costs for aid should be based on the received data about the forecast of the incidence of prostate cancer.

Abstract Purpose of the study. Improvement of results of treatment in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer by decreasing the risk of post-resection liver failure on the basis of the evaluation of the functional reserves of the liver.

Materials and Methods. The study included two independent samples of patients operated about primary or metastatic lesions of the liver at the Department of abdominal Oncology, P. A. Hertsen MORI. The first group included 53 patients who carried out 13C-breath test metallimovie and dynamic scintigraphy of the liver in the preoperative stage in addition to the standard algorithm of examination. Patients of the 2nd group (n=35) had a standard clinical and laboratory examination, the patients were not performed the preoperative evaluation of the functional reserve of the liver, the incidences of total bilirubin, albumin and prothrombin time did not reveal a reduction of liver function. Post-resection liver failure have been established on the basis of the 50/50 criterion in the evaluation on day 5 after surgery.

Results. Analysis of operating characteristics of the functional tests showed the absolute methacin breath test sensitivity (SE≥100%), high specificity (SP≥67%) of scintigraphy of the liver and the negative predictive value of outcome (VP≥100%) at complex use of two diagnostic methods. The incidence of PROPS in the study group was significantly 2 times higher in the control group –15,1% and 26.8%, respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusion. The combination of preoperative dynamic scintigraphy of the liver with carrying out 13C-breath methacin test allows you to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the liver functional reserve and can significantly improve preoperative evaluation and postoperative results of anatomic resection in patients with primary and metastatic liver lesions.

Widespread peritoneal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer, in fact, is the end-stage of the disease. The survival median of patients is no more than 3–6 months. Development of various methods of intraperitoneal chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of this category of patients.

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy under pressure (IACUP) in patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Materials and methods. The treatment Protocol consisted of a laparotomy or laparoscopy for the staging of the tumor process, 3–4 courses of systemic chemotherapy scheme XELOX followed by conducting at least 3 sessions of intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy under pressure (IACUP) with an interval of 6 weeks on the background of chemotherapy. In the case of progression the patient was excluded from the study. Currently, the study included 27 patients with disseminated gastric cancer who underwent 46 procedures of IACUP. There were 8 men and 19 women. The average age of patients was 50.6 years.

Results. In the framework of the safety assessment of IACUP there were 3 cases of adverse effects. Two patients (7,4%) noted nausea for the first 2 days after running the session of IACUP. In one patient the iatrogenic perforation of the diaphragm during biopsy of the peritoneum with the development of carbonetworks occurred. The survival median was 11 months. One-year survival rate (by KaplanMeier) was 50.7%. 14 patients are alive and continue to participate in the study during the first year of observation.

Conclusion. Intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy under pressure (IACUP) is a simple, minimally invasive and safe method for the palliative treatment of patients with disseminated carcinomatosis of gastric cancer. We developed the treatment Protocol that allows us to achieve one-year survival of more than half of patients.

Purpose. Study of expression of protein nm23 inprimary and secondary foci of colorectal cancer (CRC) taking in consideration the clinical and morphological features of the disease and the possibility of predicting the risk of distant metastases.

 Material and methods. The study included postoperative material of 264 CRC patients with I–IV stages of cancer. Immunohistochemical staining performed by biotin-streptavidin immunoperoxidase method on the paraffin tissue sections of primary colon tumors and their metastases in lymph nodes and liver using antibodies against nm23 protein (H‑1 and H‑2) (“Dako”, Denmark). The results were evaluated by semiquantitative method based on the staining intensity and the number of antigen-positive cells and localization of immunoreactivity in cancer cells.

Results. During the immunohistochemical study of primary tumors of the colon the increase of the accumulation of nm23 protein was observed in 53.4% (141/264) studied cases. In nmtastasis of CRC the main patterns of expression of a marker characteristic of the corresponding primary tumors was preserved. Survival curves, computed according to the method of Kaplan-Meyer showed that patients with nm23‑positive staining of tumors show a lower 5‑year overall survival than patients with negative immunoreactivity in the tumor. Indicators of disease-free survival in patients with CRC also deteriorated in nm23‑negative status of tumors compared to nm23‑positive status.

Conclusion. The overexpression of nm 23 protein were freqently detected in metastasizing primary tumors of colon and their liver metastases and was associated with a high risk of developing distant metastases, and poor outcome of the disease and the deterioration of the postoperative overall and disease-free survival of CRC patients. A high expression level of this marker is a sign of unfavorable prognosis for CRC patients.

The brief analysis of the organization of primary health care on an outpatient basis in the case ofSt. Petersburgis reflected. The structure of primary health care is described, namely healthcare organizations that provide outpatient care; the standards and the level of availability of primary health care, as well as the capacity of outpatient clinics are defined. An important criterion for the quality of care is its accessibility, taking into account the number of attached population. Reforming the ambulatory network in a large city is one of the most difficult health management problems, due to many factors, first of all determined by the needs of the population in primary health care, a variety of organizational forms of outpatient care, intensive changing residential area of the city, the need to ensure effective interactions with other social institutions.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are widely presented, particularly among elderly men. It was commonly accepted that LUTS are directly or indirectly connected with the prostate. Recent studies have shown that mild andsevere forms of LUTS may have a different etiology, such as, bladder related problems: overactive bladder (OAB)/detrusor overactivity or, conversely, an underactive bladder due to compromised contractions of the detrusor. There are three main groups of LUTS: storage symptoms, voiding symptoms and post-micturition symptoms. Patients with LUTS/BPH who are not sufficiently respond to monotherapy with alpha-blockers should receive additional treatment with M‑anticholinergics in accordance with the European urological guidelines. Current studies show that up to 65% of patients with LUTS/BPH with symptoms of urgency and frequency do not have sufficient reduction of symptoms after 3 months of treatment with alphablocker as monotherapy. Until recently, alpha-blockers and M‑anticholinergic medications were prescribed in combination therapy as a two separate pills. Vesomni is a combination of antimuscarinic drug solifenacin 6 mg with α1‑blocker tamsulosin OCAS 0.4 mg in one tablet. It is developed to relieve storage (urgency and frequency) and voiding symptoms in men with LUTS/BPH. Solifenacin suppresses the overactivity of the detrusor and reduces storage symptoms. Tamsulosin OCAS relaxes smooth muscle of the prostate, prostatic urethra and bladder neck, and eliminates most voiding symptoms and, to a lesser extent, storage symptoms.

The possibility of extrapolation of indications for biosimilars is one of the issues widely discussed in modern literature. Currently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have identified specific conditions under which for biosimilars extrapolation of indications is possible. In2015, athe first bioanalogue bevacizumab, (produced by JSC "BIOCAD"), has been registered. The article provides summary of the pivotal clinical study of Bevacizumab bioanalogue conducted in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The article includes detailed scientific justification for the extrapolation of data on the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity obtained in the pivotal study to other indications, registered for the original bevacizumab drug.

Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the coated flat nonkeratinizing epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes. Still etiology of this disease is not completely clear. At the same time, many researchers have expressed their views in favor of the theory of occurrence of autoimmune planus. The emergence of this disease may also be associated with infectious diseases, trauma, hormonal disorders, and hereditary predisposition. Currently, standard treatment of lichen planus is topical application of corticosteroids. With the lack of effectiveness of the last clinicians suggest topical calcineurin inhibitors. That less, all treatments planus today are ineffective. Researchers continue to search for more effective treatments for this pathology. At this point in the treatment of various diseases is well proven photodynamic therapy. Given the high efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis and various other skin diseases, clinicians began to fully explore the impact of the use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of lichen planus.

We considered a number of aspects of the development of hospital pharmacy abroad. It is revealed that the focus of professional pharmaceutical associations in the information and educational fields creates the basis for creation of strategy of development of hospital pharmacy. The analysis of population dynamics of pharmaceutical staff in hospital pharmaciesis held, and the detailed characteristics of activities of certain categories of specialists of hospital pharmacies is presented.

Reliably established a causal role of human papillomavirus in the formation of condylomata acuminate. In 10% of people with the human papilloma virus develops condylomata acuminate, which can be transformed into malignant tumors. The most common treatment of condylomata acuminate is a conservative treatment, namely, the local chemical or physical destruction of the lesions and immunotherapy. With the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment resort to surgical excision. At the same time the traditional methods of treatment condylomata acuminate associated with high rates of recurrence. Moreover, these treatments are often associated with significant risk of bleeding, ulceration and scarring. The emergence of new methods of diagnosis and treatment of condylomata acuminate – fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy has opened up new opportunities to improve the treatment of this pathology. Topical administration of photosensitizers during photodynamic therapy is more convenient and less phototoxic and broaden the range of clinical applications of this technology in the medical dermatology. An increasing amount of evidence that photodynamic therapy with topical application of the photosensitizer is highly effective in the treatment of a variety of benign skin diseases, including condylomata acuminataca, for which traditional methods are ineffective treatment. However, many parameters of photodynamic therapy of this disease has not yet been optimized. It is necessary to conduct large-scale clinical studies on the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy of condylomata acuminatain order to standardize the treatment parameters.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most urgent problems of modern oncourology. Morbidity and mortality from this disease in theRussian Federationin recent years has been steadily increasing. Including the number of patients with metastatic and refractory to castration therapy forms of the disease is increasing. Currently, the main method of treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer is palliative hormone therapy (HT). Patients who have progression of tumor process, with lingering castration levels of testosterone, transferred to the stage of so-called castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The prognosis in this group of patients is extremely unfavorable, not only because of the progression of cancer, but of complications associated primarily with the presence of bone metastases. Prevention of development of serious complications such as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression is an extremely important issue. The article presents a review of studies, the sanctifying of the problem of prevention of development of bone complications in patients with CRPC. We resent the results of large studies, including those conducted in our country demonstrated the effectiveness zoedronic acid in patients with CRPC and the presence of bone metastases.